Antidepressants in the SSRI class (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are first-line treatment for depression and many anxiety disorders. Many myths circulate around them — that they "change you," that they "cause addiction," or that they "work immediately." Here is what the data actually say — for information only, with the decision and supervision belonging to your doctor.
What they are and how they work
Sertraline, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine and citalopram increase the availability of serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepine-type sedatives, they do not cause addiction in the classic sense and have no "instant" effect.
How long they take to work
This is the most important piece of information for adherence: the real therapeutic effect usually appears within 2–4, sometimes 6 weeks. Many patients give up too early, thinking "it isn't working." Patience and continuing the treatment exactly as prescribed are essential.
Side effects
At the beginning, nausea, restlessness, and disturbances of sleep and appetite may appear; these usually ease over a few weeks. Sexual dysfunction is a more persistent effect and is worth discussing openly with your doctor (there are solutions). When starting treatment, especially in adolescents and young people, close monitoring is recommended in the first weeks.
Stopping — never abruptly
SSRIs are not stopped abruptly: a discontinuation syndrome may appear (dizziness, "electric shock" sensations, irritability, flu-like symptoms). Stopping is done gradually, on a plan set with your doctor. SSRIs can also interact dangerously with other serotonergic substances (risk of serotonin syndrome) — tell your doctor everything you are taking.
What's up to you
Take the medication consistently, do not abandon it at the first discomfort, do not change or stop the dose on your own, and seek help immediately if thoughts of self-harm appear. Medication works best alongside psychotherapy and support. For prices at pharmacies near you, use the HartaFarmacii search.
- ANMDMR — SmPC for SSRIs (sertraline, escitalopram, etc.)
- NICE — treatment guidelines for depression and anxiety
- EMA — safety information on antidepressants